Saw-mitering device



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. LUMSDEN.

SAW MITERING' DEVIGB.

Patented Jan; 9, 1894.

WITNESSES.

INVENTO 6% ATTOHNEYES.

THE NAYIONAL uwoiuunmua OQMPANY.

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- UNITED STATES PATENT 'OFFICE.

JAMES-LUMSDEN, OF NEW ROCHELLE, NEW' YORK.

SAW-MITERINGI DEVICE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 512,561, dated January9, 1894.

Application filed March '7', 1893. Serial No. 464,944. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 'I, J AMES LUMsDEN, a subject of the Queen of GreatBritain, at present residing at New Rochelle, in the county ofWestchester and State of New York, haveinvented a new and ImprovedSaw-Mitering Device, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved sawmitering devicerdesigned for general use by mechanics, and arranged toenable the mechanic to make square cuts or any desired angular cut, andto take the angle in panel and other work, to make the beveled-cutcorresponding to the bisec tion of the angle of the panel.

The invention consists of a saw guide frame, supporting bars arranged onopposite sides of the said guide frame and pivoted thereto, and armspivotally connected with the said side bars to connect with a blockmounted to slide in the said guide frame.

The invention also consists of certain'parts and details, andcombinations of the same, as will be hereinafter described and thenpointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1-is a plan view of the improvement as arranged for a miter out.Fi 2 is an in verted plan view of part of the same. Fig. 3 is asectional side elevation of the same on the line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 isa side elevation of part of thesaw guide frame. Fig. 5 is a sectionalfront elevation of the same on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a rearend elevation of the improvement with parts in section, showing thelocking device for the center timber rest; and Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11,show diagrammatic plan views of the-device as applied for variouspurposes. Fig. 12 is'a plan of the devicefor locking one of the sawguides on the guide-frame.

The improved device is provided with a saw gnideframe-A mounted onsuitable legs and carrying at one end, a pivot B, on which are pivotedthe side bars 0 and O,-arranged on opposite sides of the guide frame A,likewise provided with legs, so that the top surfaces of the bars andguide frame A extend in the same horizontal plane. The side bars 0 and Oare pivotally connected at their under sides and near the middle withthe segmental arms D and D, pivotally connected with each other at theiroverlapping ends by a perforated pivot D engaged by a pin E formed on ablock E mounted to slide longitudinally on the guide frame A, the saidblock forming a nut and screwing on a screw rod F arranged under the sawguide frame A. On the outer end of the screw rod is provided a knoborhandle F, for conveniently turning the said screw rod F, so as to movethe block E longitudinally. to cause its pinE to carry the arms D and Dalong, so as to open or close the side bars 0 and O, that is, move thelatter nearer to or farther from the sides 'of the guide frame A, themovement being simultaneous and equal so that the side bars always standat like angles to the saw guide frame A.

In order to indicate the angle on which the side bars 0 and O, are setrelative to the frame A, I provide the side of the latter with agraduation A indicating degrees, see Fig. 4, and on which graduationindicates a segmental line D formingpart of the graduation D arranged onthe top surface of the arm D, and indicating degrees and sub-divisionsof the same. (See Fig. l.) A like graduation in degrees D is arranged onth top surface of the other arm D to indicate the relative positions ofthe guide frame A, Thus, when the de'vice is in the position as shown inFig. 1, for instance, the line D on the-arm D, registers with the fortyfive degree lineof the graduation A thus indicating that the bars 0 andCare set at an angle of forty five degrees to the saw guide frame A andat an angle of ninety degrees, one to the other.

' The screw rod F is made hollow and through it passes a rod Fprojecting a suitable distance beyondthe'knob F at the outer end of thescrew rod F and also projecting asuitable distance beyond the inner endof the said screw rod, as plainly shown in Fig. 3. This inner end of therod F is connected with one end of a spring F held in a casing A rangedon the under side of the saw guide frame A. A link F ispivotally-connected with this inner end of the rod F, the said link Fbeing pivotitlly-connected with the ICO top of the casing A as shown inthe said Fig. 3. The rod l? is guided in a vertically disposed slot Aformed in one end of the casing A the screw rod F terminating at thefront face of the said end, so that the rod F forms part of the bearingfor the screw rod F, the latter having only a bearing in the outer endof the saw guide frame A. This bearing is somewhat loose, so as topermit the screw rod F to swing downward, which swinging is accomplishedby pulling on the outer end of the rod F, so as to cause the link F toswing the inner end of the said rod downward, thus carrying the screwrod F in the same direction (see dotted lines, Fig. 3), thereby movingthe block E in the same direction anddisengaging the pin E from theinner, overlapped pivoted ends of the arms D and D. When the operatorreleases the pressure on the outerend of the rod F, then the spring Fpulls the rod back to its normal position to move the screw rod F upwardto permit the pin E to again engage the arms D and D, as shown. The pinE is disengaged from the arms D, D, for the purpose of swinging the sawguide frame A into an angular position relative to the side bars 0 andC, at the time the latter stand in alignment with each other, as plainlyillustrated in Fig. 11. When the pin E is disengaged from the pivotalconnection of the arms D, D, then the saw guide frame A can be swungsidewise onto either of the arms D, D, so that the pin E is free toengage apertures D and D formed in the arms D, D, as plainly shown inFig. 1, it being understood that the screw rod F is turned to the rightor left to move the block E inward or outward, to bring the pin E inengagement with one of the said apertures D in the arm D, or one of theapertures D in the arm D. In this manner the saw guide frame A may beswung into any angular position relative to the corresponding side bars0 or O, the degree of the angle being indicated by the graduation D or DBy reference to Fig. 11, the position of the saw guide frame relative tothe side bar 0, is shown, it being understood that the saw guide frame Ahas been moved to the right onto the arm D. The side guide bars 0 and Gare then extended in alignment one with the other, at an angle of onehundred and eighty degrees, with the saw guide frame A at an angle offorty-five degrees to the side bar 0, it being understood that thedegree on the graduation D is read 0E from the right side of the sawguide frame A. If the latter is moved over the other arm D, then thedegree is read ofi from the graduation D at the intersection of the leftside of the frame A, with the corresponding mark on the said graduationD On the top of the saw guide frame A are arranged the saw guides G andG of which the saw guide G is provided with two vertically disposedcasings G open at their opposite faces and also on topgand formedintegral with one end of the saw guide frame. In the casing G are setwooden blocks G having their adjacent faces a sufficient distance apartto form a slot for the blade of the saw used for cutting the bevels andmiters, as hereinafter more fully described. Below the wooden blocks Gis journaled a roller G, adapted to form a rest for the teeth of the sawin case the latter should be moved too far down after the out has beenmade. The other saw guide G is similarly provided with two casings Gconnected with each other, however, on the under side by a cross piece Gfitted to slide longitudinally in a suitable guideway arranged in thetopof the saw guide frame A. In the casings G are arranged wooden blocks Gsimilar to the wooden blocks G and also forming a slot which is inalignment with the slot of the saw guide G and in a plane passingthrough the said slot of the saw guide G and the center of the pivot B.See Fig. 1.

In order to fasten the second saw guide G in place on the saw guideframe A,I provide a cam plate G pivoted to the under side of the crosspiece G and adapted to be swung in a longitudinally extending groove A,formed transverselyin the guide frameA,and through which pass the endsof the arms D, D, as plainly shown in Figs. 3 and 4.. The plate G ispreferably beveled at its edge, and is adapted to be turned by means ofan upwardly extending handle G adapted to be taken hold of by theoperator to turn the plate G so as to move the same in or out of theslot A to lock or unlock the saw guide G. When the latter is unlocked,it can be conveniently moved forward or backward in the saw guide frameA, to suit the length of the saw used for cutting the bevels and miters,and also to increase or diminish the distance between the two saw guidesG and G, according to the article to be cut,'and resting on the topsurface of the guide frame Aand the bars Oand C. At the outer end of thesaw guide frame A, in the rear of the saw guide G, is arranged a secondroller G in alignment with the other roller G and extending with its topsurface to the top surface of the guide frame A. The inward slidingmotion of the saw guide G is limited by a stop K, arranged in the sawguide frame A as shown in Fig. 1.

In order to make a full and clean cut by the saw, I arrange in the topof the saw guide frameA longitudinally extending recesses A in alignmentwith the slots of the saw guides G and G, so that the block to be sawedcan be out completely through without danger of sawdust working underthe block, as the sawdust will fall into a longitudinal recess A.

On the pivot B is arranged a center rest comprising a disk H mounted toturn loosely on the pivot B and provided with upwardly extending posts Hand H having their front faces located diametrically opposite eachother, as plainly shown in Fig. 1. From the disk H, extends downward anarm H fitting over the pivot ends of theside bars 0 and C (see Fig. 6),and on this arm H are arranged lugs H and H adapted to be engaged byhooks I and 1, respectively, pivoted to the side bars 0 and C,respectively, at the under side thereof, as illustrated in said Fig. 6,and also in Fig. 2. On the ends of the hooks I and I, are arrangedupwardly extending pins 1 and 1 respectively, extending into recesses Cand 0", respectively, formed in the top of the side bars 0 and O, theupper ends of the said pins carrying knobs I and 1 respectively, adaptedto be pressed on by the operator, so as to throw the corresponding hookI or I out of contact with the respective lug H or H The pins I and Iare pressed on by springs resting in the recesses O and C so that thehooks I and I are held in normal positions; that is, the respective hookin engagement with the corresponding lug H or H When the operatorpresses say the knob I at the time the hook I engages the lug H as shownin Fig. 6, then the said hook disengages the lug H?" to permit theoperator to turn the center rest, the disk H of the same then turning onthe pivot B. When a half turn has been given to the disk H, then the lugH engages the hook I, so that the center rest is again locked in placeto prevent a return movement of it, the front faces of the posts H and Hthen standing at right angles to their former position. The inner edgesof the posts H and H terminate a suitable distance from the center ofthe pivot B, so that the saw blade extending through the saw guides Gand G, clears, at all times, the inner edges of the said posts.

On the outer ends of the side bars 0 and O, are arranged the rear restsO and 0 respectively, having their front faces 0 and 0 respectively, inalignment with each other at the time the bars 0 and 0 stand at rightangles to each other, as plainly shown in Fig. 1. The inner faces of thesaid rests O and G are in alignment with the inner faces of the sidebars, as shown. Now when the device is in the position, as illustratedin Fig. 1, the block of wood to be sawed can be rested against the faces0 and O and when the cut is made by the saw blade passing through theguides G and G, then a straight out is produced on the block. On theouter ends of the side bars 0 and O are pivoted extension legs J and J,respectively, adapted to be either folded on top of the respective sidebars or extended at right angles thereto, as illustrated in Fig. 1,thesaid figure showing but one extension leg J in a right angular position,while the other extension leg J is folded on its side bar 0. When thedevice is in this position and a block of wood is placed on theextension leg J to rest against the inner face of the rest 0 and on thefrontfaces of the posts H and H the operator will make a miter cut, itbeing understood that the saw is guided in the saw guides G and G, asabove described. When it is desired to make an angular cut in theopposite direction, then the center rest is turned as above described,to bring the faces of the posts H and H in alignment with the inner faceof the post 0 the leg J then being extended into right angular positionrelative to the bar 0.

The device is used as follows: When the several parts are in theposition as illustrated in Fig. 1, then the pin E is in engagement withthe apertured pivot connecting the arms D and D with each other in thecenter of the saw guide frame A. Now, by turning the knobF to the rightor left, the block E is caused to slide outward orinward in its bearingon the saw guide frame A, so that the arms D and D exert a pull or pushon the saw guide bars 0 and 0, thus moving the latter simultaneously andequal distances toward or from the saw guide frame A, so that the saidside bars assume any desired angle relative to the saw guide frame A,the degree being read off from the graduation A as previously explained.In the position illustrated in Fig. '1, the side bars 0 and 0, stand atright angles to each other and consequently at an angle of forty-fivedegrees to the saw guide frame A. When a block of Wood is placed on topof the side bars 0, O, and across the frame A, with the block restingagainst the faces 0 and C of the rests O and 0 respectively, then theoperator by moving the saw in the usual manner through the saw guides G,G, makes a square cut in the block of wood. WVhen the operator takes theblock of wood and places it across the extended leg J and the side bar 0and frame A with the block resting against the front faces of the restsH H of the center rest, and the inner face of the rest 0 then aforty-five degree cut in the block of wood can be made, it beingunderstood that the saw is guided in the guides G and G. Now, when it isdesired to make a forty-five degree bevel on the block in an oppositedirection, the operator extends the leg J, as previously described, andgives the center rest G a half turn, by first pressing the knob 1 todisengage the hook I from the lug H to permit of turning the center restuntil the other hook I engages the lug H and again locks the center restin place. The faces of the rests H and H are then in alignment with theinner faces of the rest 0 and a block of wood placed across the leg J,the saw guide A and guide bar 0, and pressed against the saidregistering faces, permits the operator to. make a forty-five degreecut, the saw being guided in the saw guides G and G. A straight out canalso be madeby extending the side bars 0 and C to an angle of onehundred and eighty degrees, that is, in alignment one with the other,asshown in Figs. 10 and 11, the legs J with the saw guide frame A, thenforming the rest for the block of wood, which is pressed against theregistering faces of the rests O O and the rests H, H of the center restH.

It is understood that when the screw rod F IIO is turned and the sidebars 0 and C are caused to swing inward or outward, as above described,then the respective hook I or I, by being in contact with thecorresponding lug H or H causes a turning of the center rest H to openor close the rests II or H relative to the saw passing through the sawguides G and G. Thus, when the side bars 0 and C are fully extended orin theiroutermost position, the front faces of the rests H and II standat right angles to the center line of the saw guide frame A.

When it is desired to make bevels, say for panel work, then the deviceis applied in the manner shown in Fig. 7, that is, the entire apparatusis used to take the angle of the panel and then, after this has beendone, the bevels are cut on the device to obtain a proper fitting. Forthis purpose the deviceis placed in the angle as shown in Fig. 7, withthe pivot end B toward the apex of the panel angle, and then the screwrod F is turned to bring the outer edges of the bars C and C in contactwith the sides of the angle, so that the angle of the side bars is thatof the panel. Then the angle has thus been obtained, the operator placesthe device on the bench and then arranges the blocks of wood to befitted into the said panel angle on the instrument, the first blockbeing placed against the rest 0*, and center rest, and the out thenmade; then the center rest is given a half turn as above described, andthe block to be joined is placed against the center rest and the otherrest 0 and a bevel made by the saw in the saw guides G and G. In thismanner the two bevels made will join in the angle of the panel.

When it is desired to miter segmental blocks, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9,then the segmental block is placed against the edges of the rests C 0(see Fig. 8,) and when the saw is used in the saw guides Gand G to cutthe block, then the cut is radial, irrespective of the size of theradius of the segmental block, it being understood, however, that thecenter of the segmental block must be in a line passing through theslots of thesawguides G and G, that is, in the center line of the sawguideframeA. Inalikemannerthesegmental block may be placed between thecorresponding rests 0 H, or 0 H for mitering circular work, as shown inFig. 9, with the block projecting across the inner end of the saw guideframe A at the point where the out is to be made.

In case the saw guide frame A is swung onto either of the arms D, D, andthe pin E does not register with an aperture at the desired anglebetween the corresponding side bars G or C, and the saw guide frame A,then the operator can lock the saw guide frame A in place on thecorresponding arms D and D, by turning the screw rod F to the right tomove the pin E to the outer edge of the corresponding segmental arm D orD, so that the said pin presses against the edge of the arm withsufficient force to lock the saw guide frame A to the said arm, theangle of course, being read olf at the intersection of the correspondingside of the saw frame A on the graduation D or D The device may also beused for other purposes.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent- 1. A saw mitering device comprising two sidebars pivoted to each other and capable of being brought intolongitudinal alignment, arms pivotally connected with the side bars andwith each other and provided with a series of spaced apertures, a guidedevice capable of a sliding movement longitudinally of the saw guideframe and adapted for detachable engagement with the said apertures ofthe arms, the frame with the guide being movable laterallyin relation tothe side bars, substantially as described.

2. A saw mitering device, comprising asaw guide frame supporting the sawguides, side bars pivotally connect-ed with the said saw guide frame,means for moving the said side bars simultaneously and equal distancestoward or from the said saw guide frame, and a center rest mounted toturn on the pivot for the said side bars, substantially as shown anddescribed.

3. A saw mitering device, comprising asaw guide frame carrying the sawguides, side bars pivotally connected with the said saw guide frame andarranged on opposite sides of the same, each of the said side bars beingprovided with a rest for the material to be cut, and a center restmounted to turn on the pivot for the said side bars and adapted to turnwith the said side bars, substantially as shown and described.

4. A saw mitering device, comprising a saw guide frame carrying the sawguides, side bars pivotally connected with the said saw guide frame andarranged on opposite sides of the same, each of the said side bars beingprovided with a rest for the material to be cut, a center rest mountedto turn on the pivot for the said side bars and adapted to turn with thesaid side bars, and means, substantially as described, for locking thesaid center rest to either of the said side bars to cause the centerrest to turn with the side bars, as set forth.

5. A saw mitering device, comprising a saw guide frame carrying the sawguides, side bars pivotally connected with the said saw guide frame andarranged on opposite sides of the same, each of the said side bars beingprovided with a rest for the material to be cut, a center rest mountedtoturn on the pivot for the said side bars and adapted to turn with thesaid side bars, and means, substantially as described, for unlocking thesaid center rest to permit of turning the same by hand on its pivot, asset forth.

6. A saw mitering device, comprisinga saw guide frame carrying the sawguides and sup- ICC ' porting near one end a pivot, side bars mounted toswing on the said pivot and provided.

on their outer ends with rests for the material to be cut, segmentalgraduated arms pivotally connected with each other and with the saidside bars and provided with a series of spaced openings, a block mountedto a slide longitudinally on the said saw guide scribed.

7. A saw mitering device, comprising a saw guide frame, carrying the sawguides and supporting near one end a pivot, side bars mounted to swingon the said pivot and provided on their outer ends with rests for thematerial to be cut, segmental graduated arms pivotally connected withthe said side bars, a block mounted to slide longitudinally on the saidsaw guide frame and pivotally connected with the said segmental arms, ascrew rod mounted to turn and screwing in the said block to move thelatter longitudinally on the said saw guide frame, and a device fordisengaging the said block from the said segmental arms, substantiallyas shown and de- 3 5 scribed.

JAMES LUMSDEN.

' Witnesses:

THEO. G. HOSTER, O. SEDGWICK.

